پویایی‌های نظامی چین در منطقه ایندوپاسیفیک و بازتاب آن بر راهبرد امنیتی استرالیا(2024-2021)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

سامان پسند آقاجانی ¹

اصغر کیوان حسینی ²

¹ دانش‌آموخته روابط بین‌الملل، دانشگاه علامه طباطبائی، تهران، ایران.

² استاد روابط بین‌الملل دانشکده حقوق و علوم سیاسی دانشگاه علامه طباطبائی، تهران. ایران.

10.22067/irlip.2026.92829.1657

چکیده

منطقه ایندوپاسیفیک به واسطه افزایش حضور نظامی چین طی یک دهه گذشته، به محور اصلی بحث‌ها و توجهات در عرصه نظام بین‌الملل تبدیل شده است. چین با بهره‌گیری از توانمندی‌های اقتصادی خود، درصدد گسترش نفوذ سیاسی و نظامی خود در این منطقه بوده تا منافع ملی خود را در چارچوب رقابت هژمونیک با آمریکا به شکلی گسترده‌تر تعریف و تأمین نماید. تداوم این روند نگرانی‌های جدی و رو به افزایشی را به خصوص در میان کشورهای منطقه، از جمله استرالیا، ایجاد کرده است. استرالیا، به عنوان یک قدرت‌ منطقه‌ای، متحد راهبردی ایالات متحده و بازیگری سنتی در اقیانوس آرام، در پی تشدید مداخلات و حضور نظامی چین، با چالش‌های پیچیده و چند وجهی در حوزه‌های دفاعی و امنیتی مواجه شده است. بنابراین پرسش اصلی پژوهش حاضر این است که افزایش حضور نظامی پکن در منطقه ایندوپاسیفیک در بازه زمانی 2021 تا 2024 چه تأثیری بر راهبرد امنیتی استرالیا داشته است؟ یافته‌های این پژوهش نشان می‌دهد که افزایش حضور نظامی چین در منطقه ایندوپاسیفیک طی بازه زمانی ۲۰۲۱ تا ۲۰۲۴، از یک‌سو موجب بروز و تشدید بی‌اعتمادی و ابهام در ارزیابی نیات چین از سوی دولت استرالیا شده، و از سوی دیگر زمینه‌ساز بازنگری اساسی در راهبرد امنیتی استرالیا، در قالب تدوین یک رویکرد جامع امنیتی به منظور تقویت و به حداکثر رساندن قدرت نسبی استرالیا در منطقه شده است. این پژوهش با بهره‌گیری از روش کیفی و رویکرد توصیفی_تحلیلی نگارش شده است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

ایندوپاسیفیک

چین

راهبرد امنیتی استرالیا

واقع‌گرایی تهاجمی

نوسازی نظامی

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