نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسنده
دانشیارگروه علوم سیاسی، دانشگاه اصفهان،اصفهان،ایران
چکیده
این مقاله در پی پاسخ‌گویی به این پرسش است که «دیپلماسی دام بدهی، چگونه کار می‌کند؟» و «چه تأثیری بر طرح هژمون شدن چین دارد؟» فرضیۀ مقاله که به روش توصیفی‌ـ‌تحلیلی بررسی شده است، این است که «چین، در پی گسترش نفوذ اقتصادی، سیاسی، و راهبردی خود در منطقه و جهان برای تبدیل شدن به قدرت هژمون است و در این مسیر، از طریق ابتکار «یک کمربند، یک جاده»، به‌ویژه با دادن وام برای اجرای طرح‌های زیرساختی با عنوان «کالای عمومی» به کشورهایی که در مسیر آن قرار دارند، این کشورها را در چنبرۀ خود گرفتار می‌کند و از آن‌ها به‌عنوان سکویی برای نفوذ منطقه‌ای و جهانی خود بهره می‌برد». این رویکرد چین، سبب شکل‌گیری برداشت منفی از این کشور نزد افکار عمومی بین‌المللی شده است و همین مسئله موجب شده است که چین، به‌جای نزدیک شدن به موقعیت هژمون، از آن دور شود. یافته‌های مقاله نشان داد که اگر کشورها در صحنۀ روابط بین‌الملل، تصور منفی‌ای از کالای عمومی قدرت هژمون داشته باشند، کسب، حفظ، و ارتقای موقعیت هژمونیک با چالش روبه‌رو می‌شود.
کلیدواژه‌ها
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https://mjps.ssmu.ca/2018/11/09/chinas-quiet-bid-for-hegemony-the-belt-and-road-
initiative/ Accessed on: 3 Jun2020.
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2020. Available at: https://thediplomat.com/2020/04/chinese-debt-relief-fact-and-
fiction/,Accessed on: 11Jun2020.
Buchholz, Katharina (2019). The Countries Most in Debt to China. Statista, Oct14 2019.
Available at: https://www.statista.com/chart/19642/external-loan-debt-to-china-by-
country/, Accessed on :10Jun2020.
Central Banking (2020). The Belt and Road Initiative 2020 Survey – A More Sustainable
Road to Growth? Central Banking. Available at:
https://www.centralbanking.com/central-banks/economics/4737966/the-belt-and-road-
initiative-2020-survey-a-more-sustainable-road-to-growth, Accessed on: 9 Jun2020.
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Available at: https://www.livemint.com/Opinion/21P46wlPXj00K8VUKMu9oN/Chinas-debttrap-
diplomacy.html, Accessed on: 28 May2020.
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Mechanism Approach. SSRN, June 13, 2017. Avaialblat at:
https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2997650.
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Asia Reviow, November 27, 2019. Avaialble at:
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for-now. Accessed on: 4 Jun2020.
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Trap? Oct 29, 2018, Forbes. Avaialble at: https://www.forbes.com/sites/
ronakdesai/2018/10/29/with-a-new-president-can-the-maldives-escape-chinas-debt-
trap/#2be823c16e99, Accessed on: 9 Jun2020.
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Center for Strategic Studies. December 27, 2019. Avaialble at https://besacenter.org/perspectives-papers/china-debt-trap-diplomacy/, Accessed on: 7 Jun2020.
EFSAS (2017). The 'New Great Game': China's Debt-Trap Diplomacy. European
Foundation for South Asiaia Studies (EFSAS). Amsterdam October 2017. Available
at: https://www.efsas.org/publications/study-papers/the-new-great-game-chinas-debt-
trap-diplomacy/, Accessed on: 9 Jun2020.
Fowler, Elouise (2019). New Report Disputes Chinese 'Debt-Trap Diplomacy' Claims.
Financia Review, Oct 21, 2019. Available at: https://www.afr.com/policy/foreign-
affairs/new-report-disputes-chinese-debt-trap-diplomacy-claims-20191018-p53256,
Accessed on: 23 May2020.
Furukawa, Eiji (2018). Belt and Road Debt Trap Spreads to Central Asia. NIKKEI Asian
Reviow. August29, 2018. Available at: https://asia.nikkei.com/Spotlight/Belt-and-
Road/Belt-and-Road-debt-trap- spreads-to-Central-Asia. Accessed on: 9 Jun2020.
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26050. Available at: https://www.ifw-kiel.de/fileadmin/Dateiverwaltung/IfW-
Publications/Christoph_Trebesch/KWP_2132.pdf, Accessed on: 10 Jun2020
Horn, Sebastian et al. (2020) China’s Overseas Lending and the Looming Developing
Country Debt Crisis. Vox Ceoer Policy Potal, 04 May 2020. Accessed on: 9 Jun2020.
Available at: https://voxeu.org/article/china-s-overseas-lending-and-looming-
developing-country-debt-crisis.
Hurley, John & et al.(2018) Examining the Debt Implications of the Belt and Road
Initiative from a Policy Perspective. CGD Policy Paper, 121, March 2018. Available
at: https://www.cgdev.org/sites/default/files/examining-debt-implications-belt-and-
road-initiative-policy-perspective.pdf, Accessed on: 23May2020.
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University Press.
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https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2018/11/25/world/asia/china-world-power.html,
Accessed on: 9 Jun2020.
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Ability to Achieve Self-reliance. Foreign Policy, April 25, 2019. Available at:
https://foreignpolicy.com/2019/04/25/chinas-debt-diplomacy/, Accessed on: 7
Jun2020.
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American World Order. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
Ikenberry, G. J. and Kupchan, C. (1990). Socialization and Hegemonic Power.
International Organization, 44(3), 283-315. Avaialble at:
https://econpapers.repec.org/article/
cupintorg/v_3a44_3ay_3a1990_3ai_3a03_3ap_3a283-315_5f03.htm. Accessed on: 11
Jun2020.
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world-bank-group-president-jim-yong-kim. Accessed on: 4 Jun2020.
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avoid-China-debt-trap-or-fall-into-Sri-Lanka-pit/440808-4551200-kv7y59/index.html,
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executive.com/editorials/can-the-new-silk-road-compete-with-the-maritime-silk-road,
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organization/article/hegemons-dilemma-great-britain-the-united-states-and-the-
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economies.html, Accessed on: 25 May2020.
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Respects and Strive for the Great Success of Socialism with Chinese Characteristics
for a New Era. Delivered at the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of
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