نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکترای روابط بین‌الملل، دانشکدۀ علوم انسانی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران، (نویسندۀمسئول)

2 دانشیار گروه روابط بین‌الملل، دانشکدۀ علوم انسانی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران

چکیده

در طول سال‌های اخیر، حضور فعال چین در ابتکارات اقتصادی‌ـ‌راهبردی پرشماری در صحنۀ بین‌الملل آغاز شده است که یکی از مهم‌ترینِ آن‌ها، بریکس است. عضویت چین در بریکس، ضمن تحکیم قدرت سیاسی‌ـ‌اقتصادی آن، شرایطی را فراهم کرده است که در بطن آن، رویکرد خود در مورد نظام سیاسی‌ـ‌اقتصادی جهانی و نارضایتی‌اش از توزیع قدرت را به‌اشتراک بگذارد. در مقالۀ حاضر، روند عملکرد بریکس با مشارکت فعال چین برای بازتوزیع قدرت در شرایط خاصی بررسی شده و نویسندگان با استفاده از روش تاریخی و رویکرد توصیفی‌ـ‌تحلیلی مبتنی‌بر منابع کتابخانه‌ای، درصدد پاسخ‌گویی به این پرسش برآمده‌اند که «در جهانی که ایالات متحده ابرقدرت آن بوده، رفتار راهبردی چین در ابتکاراتی چون بریکس، بر چه مبنایی استوار بوده است؟» فرضیۀ مطرح‌شده نیز ناظر بر این است که «چین با تأثیرپذیری از شرایط بین‌المللی پس از جنگ سرد، الگوی کلان توازن‌بخشی در سطوح داخلی و خارجی را پیگیری کرده است؛ ازاین‌رو، مشارکت فعال در ابتکاراتی چون بریکس، نشان‌دهندۀ جنبه‌ای از توازن خارجی الگوی کلان چین برای بازتوزیع قدرت از طریق موازنۀ نرم است». نویسندگان، بیشتر ابزارهای اصلی موازنه‌سازی نرم را که چین از طریق بریکس به‌کار می‌برد، ازجمله دیپلماسی اقتصادی، را شناسایی کرده‌اند.

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