نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسنده
دانش‌آموختۀ دکترای روابط بین‌الملل، دانشگاه علامه‌طباطبایی، تهران، ایران
چکیده
با قدرت گرفتن محمد بن سلمان در عربستان و ظهور چین به عنوان یک قدرت بزرگ، توسعه روابط خارجی در نقطه ثقّل سیاست خارجی این دو دولت قرار گرفته است. لذا پرسش اصلی که طرح شده، این است که علل گسترش این تعاملات سیاسی، اقتصادی و فرهنگی چین و عربستان سعودی چیست؟ فرضیه موقتی طرح شده، این است که گسترش تعاملات چین و عربستان مثأثر از سه علل اساسی است، اول) تضمین دسترسی به منابع انرژی با ثبات از سوی چین و تنوع بخشی به بازار فروش آن از سوی عربستان سعودی، دوم) رقابت ها و تنش های منطقه ای و بین المللی دو دولت، سوم) تلاش برای جلوگیری از گسترش اسلام گرایی افراطی. با کاربست نظریه نوواقع گرایی والتز، یافته های پژوهش نشان می دهد که رهبران چینی با طراحی پروژه یک کمربند یک جاده و درگیر کردن منافع عربستان با این پروژه، ضمن دسترسی به انرژی این کشور، همزمان به دنبال ایجاد توازن قدرت در برابر فشارهای اقتصادی ایالات متحده بر چین بوده، از سوی رهبران سعودی با طرح افق 2030 در راستای طرح چینی یک کمربند یک جاده و نیز توسعه سیاست نگاه به شرق، در صدد ایجاد موازنه قدرت در برابر گسترش نفوذ ایران در منطقه و نیز کاهش تنش ها و فشار های ایالات متحده بر خود از طریق ایجاد یک متحد استراتژیکی جدید در سطح منطقه ای و بین المللی برای عربستان بوده است. شیوه گردآوری اطلاعات در این پژوهش مبتنی بر شیوه کتابخانه ای و روش تحقیق مبتنی بر شیوه توصیفی تحلیلی است.
کلیدواژه‌ها
Alterman, Jon B. (2016). The vital triangle in bryce and susan L. levenstein,eds., china and
the persian gulf , implication for the united State. Washington, D.C: Woodrow Wilson
International Center for Scholar.
AL- Tamimi, Nasser. (2012). China saudi arabia relations : economic partnership or
strategic alliance?. Durham Research Online, http:// www.dur.ac.uk/
alsabah/publications/ insights/.
Arab News. (2020). Future Opportunities between saudi arabia and china are very big:
crown prince”, http:// www. Arabnews.com/node/1456356/ Saudi – arabia, March 24,
2020.
Bahrami Moghadam, Sajjad. (2015). US-saudi cooperation and conflict in the middle east.
Quarterly Journal of Strategic Policy Research. 26. pp 276-301. in persian.
Bilis, John; Smith, Steve. (2013). The globalization of politics: international relations in the
modern age (historical backgrounds, theories, structures, and processes). translated by
Abolghasem Rah-e Chamani and others. Contemporary Tehran Abrar. Volume One.
pp 175-215. in persian.
Carey, Glen; DiPaola, Anthony. (2012). China’s wen to juggle iran oil need with saudi ties
on persian gulf trip. Bloomberg. 13 January 2012,
http://www.bloomberg.com/news/2012-01-12/china-s-wen-tojuggle-iran-oil-need-
with-saudi-ties-on-gulf-trip.
Chen, Donmei; Han, Wenke. (2019). Deepening cooperation between saudi arabia and
china. King Abdullah Petrolieum Studies and Research Center(KAPSARC). March
2019.
CEIC. (2020). China Export : Asia : Saudi Arabia. http://www.ceicdata.com/en/china/used-
trade-by-counttry/export-asia-saudi-arabia.
Donnelly, Jack. (2000). Realism and international relations. Cambridge University Press.
Douglas, John K.; et al. (2013). Rising in the persian gulf: how china’s energy demands are
transforming the middle East. Asian Journal of Eastern and Islamic Studies. 2(3).
Dehghani Firoozabadi, Seyed Jalal. (2016). Principles and foundations of international
relations (2). first edition, tehran: samat. pp 128-129. in persian.
Ebrahimifar, Tahereh; Hedayati, Mir Saeed. (2015).China and the GCC after the cold war;
from economic power to political influence. Quarterly Journal of Political Science
Research. 10(3). pp. 7-40. in Persian
Faucon, Benoit; Said, Summer & Chaturvedi, Saurabh. (2016). Saudi arabia cuts asian oil
prices to counter rivals russia, iraq and iran: iraq’s oil exports to india leapfrogged
saudi arabia’s in second quarter. The Wall Street Journal. August 5. 2016.
Foley, Sean. (2017). When oil is not enough: sino- saudi relations and vision 2030. Asian
Journal of Eastern and Islamic Studies. 11.(1).
Gao, Charloote. (2017). Closer ties: china and saudi arabia sing70$ billion in new deals.
The Diplomat. http:// www.theddiplomat.com/2017/09/.
Gao, Charloote. (2019). Chinese president and saudi crown prince hold a ‘win – win’
meting. The Diplomat. http:// www.theddiplomat.com/2019/23/.
the persian gulf , implication for the united State. Washington, D.C: Woodrow Wilson
International Center for Scholar.
AL- Tamimi, Nasser. (2012). China saudi arabia relations : economic partnership or
strategic alliance?. Durham Research Online, http:// www.dur.ac.uk/
alsabah/publications/ insights/.
Arab News. (2020). Future Opportunities between saudi arabia and china are very big:
crown prince”, http:// www. Arabnews.com/node/1456356/ Saudi – arabia, March 24,
2020.
Bahrami Moghadam, Sajjad. (2015). US-saudi cooperation and conflict in the middle east.
Quarterly Journal of Strategic Policy Research. 26. pp 276-301. in persian.
Bilis, John; Smith, Steve. (2013). The globalization of politics: international relations in the
modern age (historical backgrounds, theories, structures, and processes). translated by
Abolghasem Rah-e Chamani and others. Contemporary Tehran Abrar. Volume One.
pp 175-215. in persian.
Carey, Glen; DiPaola, Anthony. (2012). China’s wen to juggle iran oil need with saudi ties
on persian gulf trip. Bloomberg. 13 January 2012,
http://www.bloomberg.com/news/2012-01-12/china-s-wen-tojuggle-iran-oil-need-
with-saudi-ties-on-gulf-trip.
Chen, Donmei; Han, Wenke. (2019). Deepening cooperation between saudi arabia and
china. King Abdullah Petrolieum Studies and Research Center(KAPSARC). March
2019.
CEIC. (2020). China Export : Asia : Saudi Arabia. http://www.ceicdata.com/en/china/used-
trade-by-counttry/export-asia-saudi-arabia.
Donnelly, Jack. (2000). Realism and international relations. Cambridge University Press.
Douglas, John K.; et al. (2013). Rising in the persian gulf: how china’s energy demands are
transforming the middle East. Asian Journal of Eastern and Islamic Studies. 2(3).
Dehghani Firoozabadi, Seyed Jalal. (2016). Principles and foundations of international
relations (2). first edition, tehran: samat. pp 128-129. in persian.
Ebrahimifar, Tahereh; Hedayati, Mir Saeed. (2015).China and the GCC after the cold war;
from economic power to political influence. Quarterly Journal of Political Science
Research. 10(3). pp. 7-40. in Persian
Faucon, Benoit; Said, Summer & Chaturvedi, Saurabh. (2016). Saudi arabia cuts asian oil
prices to counter rivals russia, iraq and iran: iraq’s oil exports to india leapfrogged
saudi arabia’s in second quarter. The Wall Street Journal. August 5. 2016.
Foley, Sean. (2017). When oil is not enough: sino- saudi relations and vision 2030. Asian
Journal of Eastern and Islamic Studies. 11.(1).
Gao, Charloote. (2017). Closer ties: china and saudi arabia sing70$ billion in new deals.
The Diplomat. http:// www.theddiplomat.com/2017/09/.
Gao, Charloote. (2019). Chinese president and saudi crown prince hold a ‘win – win’
meting. The Diplomat. http:// www.theddiplomat.com/2019/23/.
Guzansky, Yoel. (2011). Saudi activism in a changing middle east. Strategic Assessment.
14(3). 2011.
Ghavam, Seyed Abdolali. (2005). International relations theories and approaches. first
edition. tehran: samat. pp 52-526. in persian.
Houlden, Gordon; Zaamout, Noureddin. (2019). A new power engages with the middel
east: china’s middel east balancing approach. China Institute University of Alberta.
January 2019.
Hsiung, Christopher Weidacher. (2019). Facing the new normal: The strong and enduring
sino – russian relationship and its implicstions Europe. The Swedish Institute of
International Affairs. 3/2019.
Horenschild, Sebastian. (2016). China in the middle east: not ju st about oil. European
Union Institute for Security Studies.
Jin, Wang. (2016). China and Saudi arabia: a new alliance?. The Diplomat. http://
www.theddiplomat.com/2016/09/ china- Saudi-arabia- anew alliance/.
Jinping, Xi. (2016). Be good partners for common development. Al-Riyadh. January 18.
2016.
Katsoulas, Fotios. (2019). Crude oile trade : saudi arabia focusing on china demand. HIS
Markit. http://www.ihsmarkit.com/research-analysis/crude-oil-trade-saudi-arabia-
focusing-on.
Karrer ,Ahmed Jafar. (1999). The historical relations between the arabian peninsula and
china since the advent of islam until the early twentieth century. Journal of the Persian
Glf and the Arabian Peninsula Studies. 3(1).
March, Peter. (2016). China noses ahead as top goods producer. Financial Times. 14 March
2016.
Moshirzadeh, Homeira. (2005). Evolution in theories of international relations. first edition,
tehran: samat. pp 78-79. in persian.
Ma, Chaoxu. ( 2018). Speech at the high-level workshop for BRI and 2030 Sustainable
development agenda. China News. http://www.china-un.org/chn/hyyfy/t1568734.htm.
MacGillivray, Iain. (2018). Maturing sino – saudi strategic relationship and dynamics in
persian gulf. Global Change Peace & Security.
Sfakianakis, John. (2013). Saudi-china trade relations. Riyadh: SAAB Bank
Research Notes, 20123. http:// www. Arabnews.com/notes/2012345/ Saudi –
arabia, March 24, 2013.
Squill, Andrew; Nader, Alireza. (2016). China in the middle east: a cautious
dragon. Report of the Center for Presidential Strategic Studies. in persian.
Telci,Numan Ismail. (2019). The rise of china in saudi arabia’s foreign policy”,
The New Turkey. March 20. 2019.
Taliaferro, Jeffrey. (2006). State building for future wars : neoclassical realism and
the resource extracive stata. Security Studies. 2(3).
UN. (1946). Treaty of amity between the republic of china and the kingdom of saudi
arabia. United Nations Treaty Series Online Collection. 15 November 1946.
http://treaties.un.org/doc/Publication/UNTS/Volume%2018/v18.pdf (accessed 19
February 2012).
Wieclawski, Jacek. (2012). Contemporary realism and the foreign policy of the russian
federation. International Journal of Business and Social Science. 2(1).
14(3). 2011.
Ghavam, Seyed Abdolali. (2005). International relations theories and approaches. first
edition. tehran: samat. pp 52-526. in persian.
Houlden, Gordon; Zaamout, Noureddin. (2019). A new power engages with the middel
east: china’s middel east balancing approach. China Institute University of Alberta.
January 2019.
Hsiung, Christopher Weidacher. (2019). Facing the new normal: The strong and enduring
sino – russian relationship and its implicstions Europe. The Swedish Institute of
International Affairs. 3/2019.
Horenschild, Sebastian. (2016). China in the middle east: not ju st about oil. European
Union Institute for Security Studies.
Jin, Wang. (2016). China and Saudi arabia: a new alliance?. The Diplomat. http://
www.theddiplomat.com/2016/09/ china- Saudi-arabia- anew alliance/.
Jinping, Xi. (2016). Be good partners for common development. Al-Riyadh. January 18.
2016.
Katsoulas, Fotios. (2019). Crude oile trade : saudi arabia focusing on china demand. HIS
Markit. http://www.ihsmarkit.com/research-analysis/crude-oil-trade-saudi-arabia-
focusing-on.
Karrer ,Ahmed Jafar. (1999). The historical relations between the arabian peninsula and
china since the advent of islam until the early twentieth century. Journal of the Persian
Glf and the Arabian Peninsula Studies. 3(1).
March, Peter. (2016). China noses ahead as top goods producer. Financial Times. 14 March
2016.
Moshirzadeh, Homeira. (2005). Evolution in theories of international relations. first edition,
tehran: samat. pp 78-79. in persian.
Ma, Chaoxu. ( 2018). Speech at the high-level workshop for BRI and 2030 Sustainable
development agenda. China News. http://www.china-un.org/chn/hyyfy/t1568734.htm.
MacGillivray, Iain. (2018). Maturing sino – saudi strategic relationship and dynamics in
persian gulf. Global Change Peace & Security.
Sfakianakis, John. (2013). Saudi-china trade relations. Riyadh: SAAB Bank
Research Notes, 20123. http:// www. Arabnews.com/notes/2012345/ Saudi –
arabia, March 24, 2013.
Squill, Andrew; Nader, Alireza. (2016). China in the middle east: a cautious
dragon. Report of the Center for Presidential Strategic Studies. in persian.
Telci,Numan Ismail. (2019). The rise of china in saudi arabia’s foreign policy”,
The New Turkey. March 20. 2019.
Taliaferro, Jeffrey. (2006). State building for future wars : neoclassical realism and
the resource extracive stata. Security Studies. 2(3).
UN. (1946). Treaty of amity between the republic of china and the kingdom of saudi
arabia. United Nations Treaty Series Online Collection. 15 November 1946.
http://treaties.un.org/doc/Publication/UNTS/Volume%2018/v18.pdf (accessed 19
February 2012).
Wieclawski, Jacek. (2012). Contemporary realism and the foreign policy of the russian
federation. International Journal of Business and Social Science. 2(1).
Weinstein, Michacla. (2016). China geostrategy : plaing a waiting gam. http://
www.pinr.com.
Wald, Ellen R.. (2019). Attack on saudi oil is boon for trump in china trade war. Forbes.
http: // www.forbes.com/ sites/ ellenrwald/2019/09/17/attack-oil-is-boon-for-trad
Xu, Muyu; Aizhu, Chen. (2020). China oil imports from top supplier saudi arabia rise 47%
in 2019 : customs. Business News. http :// www.reuters.com/article/us-china-
economy-trade-oil-import-from-top, January 30. 2020.
Xinhue. (2019). Saudi Arabia, china pledge to strengthen economic, military cooperation.
http://www.xinhuenet.com/english/2019-03/29/c_137934740.htm
www.pinr.com.
Wald, Ellen R.. (2019). Attack on saudi oil is boon for trump in china trade war. Forbes.
http: // www.forbes.com/ sites/ ellenrwald/2019/09/17/attack-oil-is-boon-for-trad
Xu, Muyu; Aizhu, Chen. (2020). China oil imports from top supplier saudi arabia rise 47%
in 2019 : customs. Business News. http :// www.reuters.com/article/us-china-
economy-trade-oil-import-from-top, January 30. 2020.
Xinhue. (2019). Saudi Arabia, china pledge to strengthen economic, military cooperation.
http://www.xinhuenet.com/english/2019-03/29/c_137934740.htm
)
ارسال نظر در مورد این مقاله