نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 روابط بین‌الملل دانشکده حقوق و علوم سیاسی دانشگاه تهران

2 دانشگاه تهران

3 استادیار علوم سیاسی دانشگاه مازندران

10.22067/irlip.2024.85084.1455

چکیده

امروزه لیبرال دموکراسی با چالش‌هایی از جمله پوپولیسم مواجه شده است. با به‌قدرت رسیدن فرد یا حزب پوپولیست، امکان پدید آمدن سیاست خارجی پوپولیستی به‌وجود می‌آید که در هر کشوری از جمله آمریکا می‌تواند ویژگی‌های خاصی داشته باشد. ترامپ با شعارهای پوپولیستی مانند "اول آمریکا" سیاست خارجی این کشور را متأثر از رویکرد پوپولیسم ناسیونالیستی خود قرار داد و تقابلی میان ساختار و کارگزار به‌وجود آمد. پرسش اصلی این پژوهش، این است که غیریت‌سازی با ساختار نهادی نخبگان حاکم آمریکا چگونه در سیاست خارجی پوپولیستی ترامپ انجام شد؟ فرضیه‌ی این پژوهش نیز این است که غیریت‌سازی ترامپ با نخبگان حاکم از طریق ایجاد فضای دو قطبی و تقابل میان ساختار و کارگزار، و شرایط نامساعد ساختار و وضع موجود نظم بین‌الملل‌گرایی لیبرال، در سیاست خارجی پوپولیستی ترامپ انجام شده است. با استفاده از پارادایم واقع‌گرایی نئوکلاسیک، روش‌ ردیابی فرآیند، و با مراجعه به منابع و اسناد مکتوب درباره‌ی پوپولیسم و سیاست خارجی آمریکا در دوره‌ی ترامپ، چگونگی غیریت‌سازی با نخبگان حاکم این کشور تبیین شده است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

 
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