نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 استاد روابط بینالملل، دانشکده حقوق و علوم سیاسی، دانشگاه علامه طباطبایی، تهران، ایران
2 دانشجوی دکترای روابط بینالملل، دانشکده حقوق و علوم سیاسی، دانشگاه علامه طبابایی، تهران، ایران (نویسنده مسئول)
چکیده
تبار و تکوین سیاست خارجی ایران پس از انقلاب در قبال آمریکا، مبتنی بر خاطرت تروماتیک از این کشور و به ویژه فراخاطره ۲۸ مرداد بوده است. پیوند خاطرات مذکور با عدم پیگیری عدالت انتقالی از سوی آمریکا و افزون بر آن خلق خاطرات منفی جدید، موجب تداوم وضعیت پساتروماتیک در روابط ایران و آمریکا شده است. از سوی دیگر اراده و خواست دولت انقلابی و اسلامی نیز ایران معطوف به مبارزه با استکبار و آمریکا بوده است. در این راستا با بهره‌مندی از خاطرات ناگوار از رفتار آمریکا، مبارزه خاطراتی تبدیل به یکی از ابعاد مهم رویکرد ایران در قبال آمریکا شد. همچنین ایران پس از انقلاب درصدد برآمد که از نقش قربانی صرف خارج شود. لذا با حمله به دردآورترین مکان خاطره ایرانیان، یعنی سفارت آمریکا، خاطره مهم و نوینی در روز ۱۳ آبان ۱۳۵۸ خلق کرد. خاطره، تفسیر و به یادآوردن گذشته از چشم‌انداز سیاسی- اجتماعی اکنون است. سیاست خاطره بسیج خاطرات جمعی در راستای مشروعیت‌بخشی به نظم مستقر و پیش‌برد پروژه‌های سیاسی- ایدئولوژیک در محیط داخلی و خارجی از طریق جامعه‌پذیری خاطراتی است. بر این مبنا سوال این پژوهش این است که رویکرد خاطراتی جمهوری اسلامی ایران در قبال آمریکا در مورد ۱۳ آبان چیست؟ پاسخ این است که رویکرد خاطراتی ایران در این باره عبارت است از سیاست یادآوری خاطره ۱۳ آبان از طریق رویه‌های خاطراتی با محتوای روایی نفرت و پیروزی همزمان و بازتولید مستمر آن به منظور مشروعیت و انگیزه‌بخشی به سیاست خارجی.
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