نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 کارشناسی ارشد علوم سیاسی- دانشگاه پیام نور(نویسنده مسئول)
2 استادیار گروه علوم سیاسی دانشگاه پیام نور.تهران. ایران.
چکیده
استراتژیهای روسیهی پس از شوروی به علت چالشهای داخلی آن دچار افول شده بود و این حالت تا دهه اول قرن 21 ادامه داشت، اما با رویداد بهار عربی و ظهور داعشیسم در خاورمیانه، فرصتی دوباره برای نفوذ روسیه در منطقه و احیای جایگاه بینالمللی آن فراهم آمد. در این مقاله که با رهیافت واقعگرایی نئوکلاسیک و با روش تبیینی-تحلیلی انجام شد، هدف بررسی تغییرات استراتژیک پارادایم سیاسی-امنیتی و اقتصادی روسیه در خاورمیانه پساداعش بود. یافتههای تحقیق نشان داد که روسیه پس از یک دوره بازیابی توان داخلی و حل مسائل دروندولتی، به تدریج مناسبات خود را با منطقه خاورمیانه گسترش داد. بحران سوریه و عراق در دهه دوم قرن 21 راه نفوذ بیشتر نظامی-امنیتی، سیاسی و اقتصادی را برای روسها باز نمود و در رقابت با غربیها، آنها پایگاه و جایگاه خود را در خاورمیانه گسترش دادند، بطوریکه دوباره خود را به عنوان قدرت بزرگ در عرصه بینالملل مطرح ساختند. پس از داعش، روسیه با گسترش روابط سیاسی-اقتصادی با کشورهای عربی و غیرعربی خاورمیانه، ائتلافهای مختلف و پیمانهای امنیتی-مستشاری-نظامی و توافقات سیاسی و تجاری نفوذ خود را گستردهتر ساخت. نتایج نشان داد که روسیهی پساداعش درصدد ابقاء نیروها و تسلیحات و ایجاد پایگاههای نظامی بوده و قصد نفوذ پایدارتر و دائمیتر در رقابت با غربیها و هژمونی آمریکا برای کسب منافع سیاسی-امنیتی و اقتصادی بیشتر در خاورمیانه را دارد.
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