مقالات
yaser esmaizladeh emamqoli; saeed tajari
Abstract
Abstract
Cosmopolitanism is a body of thinking and practice committed to building a more just and sustainable international order, but it has never been systematically applied to the question or practice of security. This article argues that international threats as well as abusing of the security notion ...
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Abstract
Cosmopolitanism is a body of thinking and practice committed to building a more just and sustainable international order, but it has never been systematically applied to the question or practice of security. This article argues that international threats as well as abusing of the security notion to cause insecurity pave way for a compelling normative and empirical case for a new security paradigm: security cosmopolitanism. Security cosmopolitanism is theorized to criticize and reform both national and collective security policies and processes through developing norms and ends, redefining their ontological foundations, and generating guiding ethical principles. It contributes to understanding of global security as a universal good by which the security of all states and all human beings is of equal weight, causal chains and processes spread widely across space and through time, and security actors are committed to consider the global impact of their choices.
مقالات
barati barati; vahid sinaee; seyed ahmad fatemi nejad
Abstract
Abstract
In recent years, Iran-Turkey relations have experienced different situations from friendship to rivalry and even enmity. The ambivalence has raised various explanations among observers in international relations and foreign policy. This article aims to assess durability of Iran-Turkey relations ...
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Abstract
In recent years, Iran-Turkey relations have experienced different situations from friendship to rivalry and even enmity. The ambivalence has raised various explanations among observers in international relations and foreign policy. This article aims to assess durability of Iran-Turkey relations regardless of their disputes. In other word, the main question here is why Iran and Turkey have not been subject to a long-term tension despite their critical rivalries in recent years. We hypothesize that linkage between securitizing and destabilizing processes affecting both has obliged the two countries to prevent falling into crisis and welcome cooperation. It seems that regional security complex theory could be helpful here. In this regard, six factors including geographical neighborhood, model of friendship and hostility, existence of two influential actors, relative independence, security interdependence, cultural-civilizational relationships, and economic relations are examined in Iran-Turkey relations. Findings show that their avoidance of deepening mutual tensions is due to the same location of the two countries in the security complex.
مقالات
alireza tajerian; abbas asadi; Fatemeh Eidi
Abstract
Abstract
In the new round of Iran's nuclear talks with the P5 + 1 countries in the Rouhani's administration, Iranian diplomats took advantage of "media diplomacy" along with political diplomacy to continue nuclear talks and “the Ministry of Foreign Affairs Center for Public and Media Diplomacy " increasingly ...
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Abstract
In the new round of Iran's nuclear talks with the P5 + 1 countries in the Rouhani's administration, Iranian diplomats took advantage of "media diplomacy" along with political diplomacy to continue nuclear talks and “the Ministry of Foreign Affairs Center for Public and Media Diplomacy " increasingly took advantage of the media as diplomatic channels to enhance the process of Iran's nuclear talks with the West. This effort has determined the international community's diplomatic approach to the Rouhani’s administration and the international community's view on the Iran's nuclear file. This study aims to examine the role of media diplomacy in changing the international community's approach to the Islamic Republic of Iran while the Rouhani's administration was negotiating with the P5 + 1. Both quantitative and qualitative methods are used and its theoretical framework is based on the theory of media convergence. In the current study, the "surveyed community" was selected from the members of the negotiating team and the experts of the ministry of foreign affairs, media representatives, university professors, media experts, parliamentarians, and international relations experts. The findings show that Iran's media diplomacy, as the main actor of the media convergence model convinced its audience (public opinion) that Iran's nuclear program is peaceful and changed the process of Iran's nuclear talks with the P5 + 1. Suggestions provided by this study will help strengthen media diplomacy in international relations.
مقالات
Batol Daneshjo; seyed mehdi seyyedzadeh sani; Abdoreza Javanjafari
Abstract
In accordance with domestic and international law, torture is prohibited. However, there remains a question: whether torture is absolutely prohibited and is not permitted in any circumstances or it can be prescribed in necessity cases. According to this research, although emergency may be justified, ...
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In accordance with domestic and international law, torture is prohibited. However, there remains a question: whether torture is absolutely prohibited and is not permitted in any circumstances or it can be prescribed in necessity cases. According to this research, although emergency may be justified, application of this institution in torture confronts with important challenges. The prohibition of torture is absolute in domestic and international law. Unnecessariness, invalidity and unreliability of information obtained under torture indicate the absolute prohibition of torture.
مقالات
Maliheh Kabiri; mohsen janparvar; Seyed Hadi Zarghani
Abstract
Abstract
Borders are important because they separate territories and determine sovereign states. However, all borders are not equally important. This study aims to identify key factors through which the importance of borders may be measured in order to contribute to scholarly endeavor on border management ...
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Abstract
Borders are important because they separate territories and determine sovereign states. However, all borders are not equally important. This study aims to identify key factors through which the importance of borders may be measured in order to contribute to scholarly endeavor on border management and border area planning. The increasing importance of border maintenance and control as well as spatial planning in border areas necessitate a comprehensive measurement of their importance. No current research has comprehensively investigated key factors in border importance measurement. Based on the existing relevant theories 40 indicators may be used to measure border importance. We classify them into 8 categories containing 5 indices. The 8 categories are entitled geographical, demographical, economic, cultural, security - defense, the identity - rights, political and regional and global categories. To confirm the dimensions and indicators, questionnaires were designed and were distributed among experts in the field. The results that are based on statistical analysis of the questionnaires, Showed that only three index of the 40 extracted Index, were rejected and the remaining indices were confirmed– rights dimension.
مقالات
seyed mostafa hashemi; Abdoreza Faraji rad; Rahim Sarvar
Abstract
Abstract
Geopolitical codes are the map of stable and variable geographical factors that arise from the geography of a given country and influence its foreign policy. Identification of the geopolitical viewpoints via decoding the geopolitical codes of neighboring countries as well as distinguishing ...
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Abstract
Geopolitical codes are the map of stable and variable geographical factors that arise from the geography of a given country and influence its foreign policy. Identification of the geopolitical viewpoints via decoding the geopolitical codes of neighboring countries as well as distinguishing the geopolitical codes of the target countries could play an effective role in the approach of a country to the issue of foreign policy in line with its geopolitical weight. Considering the extensive civilization, historical, cultural and ethnic commonalities of Iran and Iraq combined with influence of regional and trans-regional powers in Iraq, identification and studying of Iraq’s geopolitical codes is essential to the orientation of Iran’s foreign policy. For this, the authors have attempted to study and analyze the geopolitical factors influencing Iran-Iraq relations via employing a descriptive-analytical methodology while emphasizing the analysis of available geopolitical codes of Iran-Iraq political geography.
مقالات
Mohammad yousefi jouybari; Nasser Khorshidi
Abstract
Abstract
Under President Ahmadinejad (2005-2013) and the dominance of following the revisionism and justice-seeking discourses in his foreign policy, Iran tended to unify and coalesce with ultra-leftist Latin American leaders with whom the sitting President shared discursive principles However, as Hassan ...
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Abstract
Under President Ahmadinejad (2005-2013) and the dominance of following the revisionism and justice-seeking discourses in his foreign policy, Iran tended to unify and coalesce with ultra-leftist Latin American leaders with whom the sitting President shared discursive principles However, as Hassan Rouhani took office in 2013, Iran decreased interest in coalition with Latin American countries. The reason why during President Hassan Rouhani’s terms the Islamic Republic of Iran turned away from Ahmadinejad’s approach regarding Latin American countries in favor of digression and lack of relationship is a question that the present paper seek to answer through an explanatory method. Therefore, it is hypothesized that transformation at the level of policymaking resulted in the reduction of Islamic Republic of Iran's relations with countries of this region which in turn has changed and transformed the available sub-discourses in the arena of foreign policy.
