Adabpal, Z., & Chauhan, R. (2024). Inclination of Sulaiman Layeq toward social realism and socialist realism. International Journal of Languages and Culture, 4(2), 52–65.
Arnold, A. (1983). Afghanistan’s Two-Party Communism: Parcham and Khalq. Stanford, CA: Hoover Institution Press.
Barfield, T. (2010). Afghanistan: A cultural and political history. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
Coll, S. (2004). Ghost wars: The secret history of the CIA, Afghanistan, and Bin Laden, from the Soviet invasion to September 10, 2001. Penguin Press.
Dorronsoro, G. (2005). Revolution unending: Afghanistan, 1979 to the present. Hurst & Company.
Emadi, H. (1997). State, revolution, and superpowers in Afghanistan. Praeger.
Emadi, H. (2002). Repression, resistance, and women in Afghanistan. Praeger.
Etezadosaltaneh, N., & Navazeni, B. (2021). Similarities between Marxism-Leninism with the Thought and Behavior of ISIS. Iranian Research Letter of International Politics, 10(1), 1-28.
Ewans, M. (2002). Afghanistan: A short history of its people and politics. New York, NY: HarperCollins.
Fairclough, N. (1989). Language and power. Longman.
Fairclough, N. (1992). Discourse and social change. Polity Press.
Fairclough, N. (1995). Critical discourse analysis: The critical study of language. Longman.
Farhang, M. S. (2006). Afghanistan in the last five centuries. Tehran: Erfan Publications. (in Persian)
Fasihi, A., & Khorasani, R. (2023). Jihad and the Political in Afghanistan (1978-1988). Iranian Research Letter of International Politics, 11(2), 257-269
Forouzesh, M. E., Najafzadeh, M., Sinaei, V., & Manshadi, M. (2024). Late Nationalism and the Collapse of the Development Mentality in Afghanistan (2002-2021). Iranian Research Letter of International Politics, 12(2), 403-435
Giustozzi, A. (2000). War, Politics and Society in Afghanistan, 1978–1992. Georgetown University Press.
Giustozzi, A. (2012). Empires of mud: Wars and warlords in Afghanistan. Hurst.
Giustozzi, A. (2019). The Islamic State in Khorasan: Afghanistan, Pakistan and the new Central Asian jihad. Oxford University Press.
Giustozzi, A. (2019). The Taliban at war: 2001–2018. Oxford University Press.
Gramsci, A. (1971). Selections from the prison notebooks (Q. Hoare & G. Nowell Smith, Eds. & Trans.). International Publishers.
Gregorian, S. (2012). The emergence of modern Afghanistan. Tehran: Mohammad Ebrahim Shariati Afghani Publications. (in Persian)
Gregorian, V. (1969). The emergence of modern Afghanistan: Politics of reform and modernization, 1880–1946. Stanford University Press.
Halliday, F. (1978). Revolution in Afghanistan. New Left Review, (112), 3–44.
Hammond, T. (1984). Red flag over Afghanistan: The Communist coup, the Soviet invasion, and the consequences. Westview Press.
Hosseini, A. (2020). Ideological currents involved in the legislative criminal policy of Afghanistan, Historical Studies of The Islamic World. (in Persian)
Hughes, G. (2021). Cold War in the Islamic world: Saudi Arabia, Iran and the struggle for supremacy. Oxford University Press.
Hyman, A. (1984). Afghanistan under Soviet domination, 1964–1983. New York, NY: St. Martin’s Press.
Hyman, A. (1992). Afghanistan under Soviet domination, 1964–91. Macmillan.
Kakar, M. H. (1997). Afghanistan: The Soviet invasion and the Afghan response, 1979–1982. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.
Karimi, N. (n.d.). Political Islam and its consequences in Afghanistan over the last 40 years. Center for Social Studies. (in Persian)
Khavari, A., & Simbar, R. (2023). The Roots of the Political and Religious Thought of Afghan Taliban (1996-2001). Iranian Research Letter of International Politics, 12(1), 299-321
Khawati, Sh. (2011). A brief look at the intellectual and political currents of Afghanistan, Regional Studies Quarterly. (in Persian)
Konarovsky, M. A. (2022). Events of April 1978 in Afghanistan and subsequent entry of Soviet troops. Herald of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 92(1), S14–S17. https://doi.org/10.1134/S101933162207005X
Maley, W. (1982). The foreign policy of the Democratic Republic of Afghanistan. Asian Survey, 22(3), 261–278.
Maley, W. (2009). The Afghanistan wars. Palgrave Macmillan.
Mandel, E. (1979). The ABCs of Marxism (H. Sepehr, Trans.). Tehran: Tali’eh. (in Persian)
McCarthy, J. D., & Zald, M. N. (1977). Resource mobilization and social movements. American Journal of Sociology, 82(6), 1212–1241. https://doi.org/10.1086/226464
Meyer, J. W., Boli, J., Thomas, G. M., & Ramirez, F. O. (1997). World society and the nation-state. American Journal of Sociology, 103(1), 144–181.
MohammadAlipour, F., Modarres, M. V., & Khoda Gholipour, A. (2020). Pakistan’s Strategic Culture and Foreign Policy towards Afghanistan. Iranian Research Letter of International Politics, 9(1), 269-294
National Security Archive. (2001). The Soviet invasion of Afghanistan, 1979: Not war but intervention. Washington, DC: The George Washington University. https://nsarchive.gwu.edu
Poullada, L. B. (1973). Reform and rebellion in Afghanistan, 1919–1929. Cornell University Press.
Rafi, H. B. (2008). A concise history of Afghanistan. Peshawar: Eric library administration. (in Persian)
Rashid, A. (2010). Taliban: Militant Islam, oil and fundamentalism in Central Asia (2nd ed.). Yale University Press.
Roy, O. (1990). Islam and resistance in Afghanistan (2nd ed.). Cambridge University Press.
Rubin, B. R. (2002). The fragmentation of Afghanistan: State formation and collapse in the international system (2nd ed.). Yale University Press.
Sadeghi, Sh., & Mohammadi, S. (2015). The leftist current, dialectic of intellectualism and the Islamic revolution of Iran, Historical Researches of The Islamic World Quarterly. (in Persian)
Sadr, A. (2019). Roots of republicanism in Afghanistan. Afghanistan Institute for Strategic Studies. (in Persian)
Said, E. W. (1993). Culture and imperialism. New York, NY: Alfred A. Knopf.
Saikal, A. (2004). Modern Afghanistan: A history of struggle and survival. I.B. Tauris.
Saikal, A. (2020). Modern Afghanistan: A history of struggle and survival. Bloomsbury Academic.
Salehi, M. J. (1994). People’s Democratic Party of Afghanistan. In Encyclopaedia of The World of Islam. (in Persian)
Sedqi, S. (2012). A reflection on the Marxist sociological approach to the history of Iran, Historical Sciences Research Quarterly. (in Persian)
Shahrani, M. N. (1986). State building and social fragmentation in Afghanistan. In A. Banuazizi & M. Weiner (Eds.), The state, religion, and ethnic politics, 23–74. Syracuse University Press.
Tabesh Heravi, S. M. (2013). Marxism in Afghanistan. Herat, Afghanistan: Khayriyeh Al-Mahdi. (in Persian)
Tabiei, D., & Dallal Rahmani, R. (2016). Marxism as method: an examination of Georg Lukács’s methodological interpretations, Methodology of Human Sciences Quarterly. (in Persian)
Tanin, Z. (2005). Afghanistan in the twentieth century. Tehran: Mohammad Ebrahim Shariati Afghani Publications. (in Persian)
Weiner, M., & Banuazizi, A. (Eds.). (1994). The politics of social transformation in Afghanistan, Iran, and Pakistan. Syracuse, NY: Syracuse University Press.
Westad, O. A. (2005). The global Cold War: Third World interventions and the making of our times. Cambridge University Press.
Wuthnow, R. (2009). Boundless faith: The global outreach of American churches. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.
Young, R. J. C. (2001). Postcolonialism: An historical introduction. Oxford, UK: Blackwell Publishers.
