Iranian Research letter of International Politics

Abstract Abstract This study investigates the impact of China's soft power on its foreign policy towards Latin America. Attempts have been made to provide a conceptual framework beyond the Nye’s conceptualization. We study how and why China develops soft power moving beyond Nye’s conceptualization of soft power. It seems that China's political values can be observed in soft power resources such as culture (e.g., traditional Chinese culture, Confucianism), economy (e.g., China's model of development, remarkable commercial and economic relationships), and policy (e.g., principle of equality and mutual benefit). Latin American countries are fascinated by China's development model, business opportunities and investment, and China’s interest in developing relations with them within the framework of South-South cooperation and hopes for accessing China’s growing market. This is the background against which China may promote its soft power.

Abstract Abstract Religious and ethnic diversity is a potential threat to Afghanistan’s political stability. Continuous civil crisis has led to civil wars after the cold war. The critical relationship between Afghanistan and the United States reached to its high after September 11 as the USA toppled Taliban regime. The United States and the new central government of Afghanistan tried to main security through implementing state sovereignty throughout the country. However, not only the crisis was not controlled but also turned to become an international disaster. Moreover, multiple variable such as the international system and actors affect the relationship between Afghanistan and the United States during this security crisis. Resorting to Brecher’s theory, this research seeks to investigate the evolution of security crisis in the relationship between Afghanistan and the United States.

Abstract Abstract The Middle East is deemed as an “unfinished region” due to numerous changes in its structure since its formation.  Although Arabic uprisings, since 2011, derived from earlier historical trends, their dimensions are big enough to be considered as the beginning of a new “historical process” like what took place after the World War I. Their impacts on important issues such as violence, extremism, politically motivated terrorism, regional proxy wars, classical and modern competitions among international powers and attempts to shape the new strategic politics by regional powers are easily discernible.  Since Syria is Iran’s strategic ally, its future matters to Iran. This paper aims to consider probable outcomes of Syria conflict in the form of possible scenarios and its associated consequences for the security of the Islamic Republic of Iran. In order to estimate possible scenarios, the realist approach has been taken.

Abstract After decades of silence, Tunisian revolted against dictatorship in 2011. Their revolution inspired the Arab world. The present study analyzes why this event with comprehensive look evaluates the word forum on human rights of the revolution”, in other word, the main issue is what effect and roll has been“The world forum human rights” on Tunisia revolution? This research tends to globalize in the zone of human rights, claims that globalization in different aspects of economic, social, technological, cultural has been created the perception and space discourse of human rights in Tunisia before revolution. While the government reject these changes and refrained from accepting civil and political rights, economic, social and cultural of the society, until the dominant discourse (Human Rights) for getting rights and ideals like freedom Justice, dignity and equality against the political and regime align and overthrow it.

Abstract Since its very beginning, as the symbol of postmodern terrorism in globalization era, Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL) attempted to use globalization tools such as cyberspace incuding the Khalifa book (Caliphate book) website for recruiting, establishing terrorist cells network and expanding itself by globalizing terror. Meanwhile, ISIL defies western modernity and intends to undermine the basis of globalization. In this regard, ISIL use social media and complex propaganda system to attract people around the word. This paper aims to elaborate how ISIL can confront the theoretical foundations of globalization while using communicational tools of this emerging phenomenon.

Abstract   Abstract In the late 2010, Tunisian revolutionaries toppled the authoritarian regime of Ben Ali. Tunisian rebels inspired a few other nations to rise against dictators. Among all countries involved in the Arab revolutions, only Tunisia seems to be completing democratic transition. The main question of this article is how political transition in Tunisia affects the formation and stability of good governance in this country. To answer this question, theoretical foundations of good governance are combined with analytical model of democratic transitions. The results showed that a dynamic and stable middle class civil society, a small professional army, ethnic and religious homogeneity, and secular and Islamist leaders’ commitment to democratic transition process will pave the way for the formation of good governance in long-term.

Abstract Abstract International organizations have provided states with new opportunities to conduct foreign policy in the past hundred years. The League of Nations, established after WWI, was the first public international organization. This study emphasizes on the importance of this organization in the midst of two World Wars and measures the success and failure of Iranian diplomats at the League of Nations at securing Iran’s national interest. To answer this question, this study reviews the words and deeds of Iranian diplomats at the League of Nations. The creation of this organization is explained using the realist and idealist methods. Finally, we conclude that Iranian diplomats failed to effectively secure Iran’s national interest at the League of Nations because their understanding of international politics was different from reality.