Document Type : مقالات

Authors

yasouj university

Abstract

After decades of silence, Tunisian revolted against dictatorship in 2011. Their revolution inspired the Arab world. The present study analyzes why this event with comprehensive look evaluates the word forum on human rights of the revolution”, in other word, the main issue is what effect and roll has been“The world forum human rights” on Tunisia revolution? This research tends to globalize in the zone of human rights, claims that globalization in different aspects of economic, social, technological, cultural has been created the perception and space discourse of human rights in Tunisia before revolution. While the government reject these changes and refrained from accepting civil and political rights, economic, social and cultural of the society, until the dominant discourse (Human Rights) for getting rights and ideals like freedom Justice, dignity and equality against the political and regime align and overthrow it.

Keywords

Achy Lahcen, (2011), Tunisia's Economic challenges, Carnegie Middle East Center, http://carnegieendowment.org/files/tunisia_economy.pdf
Alhiah (2011). Tunisia: mass demonstrations against the government and an international arrest warrant against Ali, January 27, 2011. (in Persian)
Allman, James (1979), Social Mobility, Education and Development in Tunisia, Brill Academic Publishers, Netherlands.
Anonymous (2011), poverty and unemployment cause to escape of the dictator of Tunisia, the monthly magazine of the international market, Issue XI, Persian date Farvardin 2011. (in Persian)
Arfaoui Jamal, (2009), Ben Ali enters Tunisian presidential race, from http://ec.europa.eu/economy_finance/publications/occasional_paper/2010/op60_en.htm.
Abbasi, Bijan (2012), Human Rights and the Fundamental Freedoms, Tehran, Dadgostar Publications. (in Persian)
Ashoori, Dariush (2003), An Encyclopedia of Politics: A Dictionary of Political Terms and Schools, Morvarid Publications, 8th Edition. (in Persian)
Baqchari, Kamal (2012), The Islamic Awakening (Causes and Origins), Abrar Moaser Tehran International Studies & Research Institute. (in Persian)
Boshra, Foozi (2011), Zine El Abidine Ben Ali Ended up Like the Shah of Iran, http://afran.ir/modules/news/article.php?storyid=32292 . (in Persian)
Bajzikova,k,2012, Civil Society Needs Assessment in Tunisia, Final Report, PDCS
Bellemare, M. (2011) Rising Food Prices, Food Price Volatility, and Political Unrest. Published online http://marcfbellemare.com/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/2011/08/BellemareFoodPrices August2011.pdf>.
Ben Hammouda, Hakim. (forthcoming, 2012). Tunisie: L’economiePolitiqued’une Revolution Bruxelles: De Boeck Publications.
Ben Hammouda, Hakim. 2011. “Les anti-heros de la revolutionarabe. Vers la fin de l'avantgarde des grandsrecits de la modernite? April (Unpublished).
Ben Salem, Lilia, "Tunisia", Freedom House, 2010, https://freedomhouse.org/sites/default/files/inline_images/Tunisia.pdf
Brisson, Zack. Krontiris, Kate (2012) Tunisia: From Revolutions to Institutions,The World Bank, 1818 H Street NW, Washington, DC, USA.
Clinton, Hillary(2013). Hard choices, London:Simon& Schuster.
Fishkin, Jennifer(2015).Tunisia:The Role of Secularism. In: Tunisia:Understanding Conflict 2012 Conflict Management Program. Johns Hopkins University, School for Advanced International Studies.
Evans, Tony (2002), Democratization & Human Rights, Translated by Hossein Sharifi Tarazkoohi, Rahbord, 23rd Issue. (in Persian)
Fallahi, Fateme, and Shokoofeh Poorhassan (2013), The Place of Human Dignity in the Islamic Human Rights, The Islamic Human Rights Studies Quarterly. (in Persian)
Gol-Mohamedi, Ahmad (2014), Globalization, Culture and Identity, Tehran, Ney Publications, 7th Edition. (in Persian)
Guerroro, B.J.E. (2010) A Dissection of the Globalized Middle East: Assessing Globalization’s Impact. Published online .
Hatami, A. (2014) A comparative study of influence of the type civil society on the type of transition in the revolutions in Tunisia, Egypt and Libya, Journal of the Islamic Revolution, the eleventh year, No. 38 (in Persian)
Hamedi, Monsef (2012), Decisive Revolution Is Continuing, Zamaneh Monthly, 9th Issue, Farvardin (April) 1390, http://www.zamane.ir/fa/category/9 . (in Persian)
Hibou, B. 2004. “Fiscal Trajectories in Morocco and Tunisia”, in S. Heydemann (ed.), Networks of Privilege in the Middle East. The Politics of Economic Reform Revisited, New York.
HonwanaAlcinda, (2011), Youth and the Tunisian Revolution, from http://webarchive.ssrc.org/pdfs/Alcinda_Honwana,_Youth_and_the_Tunisian_Revolution,_September_2011-CPPF_policy%20paper.pdf.
Jahangir, K. (2013) The impact of Islamic Revolution of Iran on Islamic awakening in North Africa (2012-2010) Case Study Tunisia, Journal of Politics, Vol 43, Issue 1 (in Persian)
Jntal, Thomas, (2000), structural and normative developments in international human rights law, strategy, eighteenth issue. (in persian)
Kallander A.A, (2011), Tunisia's post Ben Ali challenge: A primer, MERIP, from http://www.www.merip.org/mero/mero012611.html
Katoozian, N. (2007), Justice and Human Rights, Journal of Law and Political Science, Volume 37, No. 3. (in Persian)
Kausch Kristina, (2009), Tunisia: The life of others: Project on Freedom of Association in the Middle east and North Africa, http://www.fride.org/publication/631/tunisia:the-life-of-others.
Kazemi M. (2004) Human Rights and the governments in the era of globalization, strategy journal, 38, Tehran, March, 270-256 (in persian)
Krasner, peter,(1998), State Power and the structure of Inernational Trade, Word Politics.
Lagi, M., Bertrand, K.Z. and Yaneer, B.Y. (2011) The Food Crises and Political Instability in North Africa and the Middle East. Cambridge, MA: New England Complex Systems Institute.
Layachi A. (2000), Reform and the politics of inclusion in the Maghrib, the Journal of North African Studies, (5)3.
Locienz Zahaari, R., (2009), generations of human rights, on key concepts of international human rights law, compiled by Zakerian Mahdi, Mizan legal foundation. (in Persian)
Majoli Alex, (2011), Tunisia's Bin Ali and his family ran a "mafia state": until an uprising drove them out, from http://www.thedailybeast.com/newsweek/2011/01/23/a-dictator-dispatched.html.
McMichael, P. (2012) Development and Social Change: A Global Perspective. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.
MESRST (Ministère de l'Enseignementsuperieuret de la Recherche), Basic Statistics, 31 Jan 2014, http://www.mesrst.tn/anglais/donnees_de_base/p_etud.htm.
Meddah, Mohamed. 2009. “Tunisia: Number Of Internet Users Reaches 2.8 illion”. January. Available at http://www.startuparabia.com/2009/01/tunisia-number-of-internet-users-reaches-28-million/(accessed June 29, 2011).
Mihailovich, D., & Sommer, N. (2011). How a slap sparked Tunisia’s revolution. CBS News.Retrieved from http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2011/02/20/60minutes/main20033404.shtml.
Mousavi, Seyyed Mahdi (2010), Human Dignity in the Western Political Philosophy: http://www.ensani.ir/fa/content/67073/default.aspx. (in Persian)
Murphy, Emma (2004) economic reforms and government in Tunisia, article in the book of The Political Economy of Transition in the Middle East, edited Hakimian and Moshaver, translated by Abbas Hatami, Tehran: Kavir (in Persian)
Naghibi Monfared, H., 2010, good governance in the light of globalization, of human rights, knowledge city. (in Persian)
Nath,Jennifer(2013) Islamism and Laïcite in the Tunisian Constitution. In: Tunisia:Understanding Conflict 2012 Conflict Management Program. Johns Hopkins University, School for Advanced International Studies.
Nematzadeh, Seyyed Morteza (2013), Justice, Dignity, Esteem and Human Needs, 12th Conference of Global Social Forum in the University of Tunisia, http://qodsna.com/newspage.aspx?newid=34070. (in Persian)
Paciello Marcia Cristina, (2011), Tunisia: Changes and Challenges of Political Transition, MEDPRO Technical Papers, No. 3.
Ramadan,Tariq(2011).Tunisia and Africa: The New Realignment, At: http://www.tariqramadan.com/Tunisia-and-Africa-The-New.html(28 janvier 2011)
Reza Khah, A. (2012) The importance of social networks the developments of Middle East, Khorasan newspaper, Wednesday, 10.06.2012 Release No. 18302 from http://www.khorasannews.com/ (in Persian)
Republic of Tunisia Ministry of Education and Training, Data on the first cycle of elementary education, Retrieved 15 June 2015, http://www.ins.nat.tn/en/serie_annuelle_theme.php?code_theme=0601
Rogers, William. 2011. “Tunisia’s Economic Problems Still Festering.” Left Labour Report, 20 April 2011. Available at: http://leftlaborreporter.wordpress.com/2011/04/20/tunisias-economic problems-still-festering/ (accessed June 24, 2011).
Robert Mac Krokordal and Richard ferbrother(2002), globalization and human rights, translated by Safar Ali Mahmoudi, Journal of political and economic Information, No. 175-176. (in Persian)
SadikiLarbi, (2002), the search for Citizenship in Bin Ali's Tunisia: Democracy versus Unity, Political Studies, (50). http://socialsciences.exeter.ac.uk/politics/research/readingroom/SadikiTunisia.pdf.
Seyyed Fatemi, Mohamed Qari (2011), Human Rights in the Contemporary World, Tehran, The Juridical Studies and Research Institute, 2nd Volume, 3rd Edition. (in Persian)
Salehi-Isfahani, D. (2010) Human Development in the Middle East and North Africa, Human Development Research Paper 2010/26. New York: UNDP.
Sazmand, B., (2005), culture and human rights in the light of globalization, Strategy, No.36, Summer. (in Persian)
Scholte, Jan Aart, (2003), close look at the phenomenon of globalization, translated by Massoud Karbassian, scientific and cultural publications. (in Persian)
Schwab, K. (2011). The global competitiveness report 2011-2012. World Economic Forum.Retrieved from http://reports.weforum.org/global-competitiveness-2011-2012/
Sharifi Tarazkohi, H. (2011), human rights (values and facts), Tehran, Mizan publication (in Persian)
Sharifi Tarazkohi, H., (2009), political and cultural trends in the globalization of human rights, Journal of the rights, the Faculty of Political Science, Volume 39, Issue 4. (in Persian)
Sinai, V. Ebrahim Abadi, G., (2004), globalization, cultural pluralism, Journal of parliament, strategy, No. 43. (in Persian)
Smith, Steve Willis, John, (2004), globalization and foreign policy, Tehran, Foreign Ministry. (in Persian)
Taheri, A., (2002), information and communication technology, globalization and its political consequences, research on law and politics, No. 8 (in persian)
Talebi M., (2012), action and political participation in Tunisia, International Centre for Peace Studies, Tehran. (in Persian)
Toffler, Alvin, (1992), The Third Wave, translated by Shahin dokht Khwarizmi, Novin publication, Tehran. (in Persian)
UNDP, Arab Human Development Report: Challenges to Human Security in the Arab Countries, New York: Regional Bureau for Arab States, 2009
USDA (United Sates Department of Agriculture) (2007) Food CPI and Expenditures.Published online .
World Bank (2000) World Development Report 1999/2000 – Entering the 21st Century: The Changing Development Landscape. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
World Bank (2011) Food Price Watch. Published online http://siteresources.worldbank.org/INTPOVERTY/Resources/335642-1210859591030/FPW_April2011.pdf>.
World Bank, (2010), Global Economic Prospects 2010, http://go.worldbank.org/OE8NEB3JP0.World Bank.(2008) For a Better Integration into the Labor Market in Tunisia.March.
Zacharia, Farid (2011), “Origins of the Egyptian Revolution”, Mehrnameh Humanities Monthly, 1st Year, 9th Issue. (in Persian)
CAPTCHA Image