Expressing and Ranking the Factors Affecting the Importance of Borders with an Emphasis on Land Borders

Document Type : مقالات

Authors

• Maliheh Kabiri
• mohsen janparvar
• Seyed Hadi Zarghani

ferdowsi university of mashhad

https://doi.org/10.22067/jipr.v5i2.61119

Abstract

Abstract
Borders are important because they separate territories and determine sovereign states. However, all borders are not equally important. This study aims to identify key factors through which the importance of borders may be measured in order to contribute to scholarly endeavor on border management and border area planning. The increasing importance of border maintenance and control as well as spatial planning in border areas necessitate a comprehensive measurement of their importance. No current research has comprehensively investigated key factors in border importance measurement. Based on the existing relevant theories 40 indicators may be used to measure border importance. We classify them into 8 categories containing 5 indices. The 8 categories are entitled geographical, demographical, economic, cultural, security - defense, the identity - rights, political and regional and global categories. To confirm the dimensions and indicators, questionnaires were designed and were distributed among experts in the field. The results that are based on statistical analysis of the questionnaires, Showed that only three index of the 40 extracted Index, were rejected and the remaining indices were confirmed– rights dimension.

Keywords

• Borders
• Land borders
• border importance

References

References

Afshordi, M. A., & Janparvar, M. (2013). Modeling of territorial border management (Case Study: maritime borders of iran in persian gulf). Tehran: sndu. ]In Persian[.

Blake, H. G. (1998). The objective of land boundaries management. UK: IBRU.

Dikshit, R. (1995). Political geography. New Delhi. Tata Mc Grow – Hill

Draysdl, J., & Blake, H. (1995). Political geography of the middle east and north africa. Translated by Dooreh Mir Haider. Tehran: Foreign Ministry Institute of Political and International Studies.

Goertz, G., & Diehl, P. (1992). Territorial changes and international conflict. London: Routledge.

Hafeznia, M. R. (2006). Principles and concepts of geopolitics. Mashhad: Papoli Publications. [In Persian]

Hafeznia, M. R., & Janparvar, M. (2013). Borders and globalization (A brief look at Irans Borders). Tehran: Research institute of Strategic Studies. ]In Persian[.

Hafeznia, M. R. (2002). Political geography of Iran. Tehran: SAMT Publication [in Persian].

Haggett, P. (2003). Geography a new combination. Translated by Goudarzi Nejad. Volume I. Tehran: Publication Samt.

House, J. (1982). Frontier on the Rio Grand: A Political Geography of Development and Social Deprivation. Clarendon Press: Oxford.

Huth, P. (1996). Standing your ground: territorial disputes and international conflicts. the University of Michigan Press, Ann Arbor.

Janparvar, M. (2015). Class notes unpublished. Mashhad: Ferdowsi University of Mashhad.]In Persian[.

Janparvar, M. (2017). New attitude to border studies (concepts, principles and theories). Iranian Association of Geopolitics Publication. [in Persian]

Kivisto, P. (2006). Multiculturalism in a global society. translate: Godarz Mirzaei. National Center for Globalization Studies, [In Persian].

Martinez, O. (1994). the dynamics of border interaction: new approaches to border analysis. in C. Schofield (ed.), Global Boundaries: World Boundaries, Vol. 1,Routledge, London, pp. 1-15

Mirhaydar, D. (2013). Foundations of Political geography. 20 edit. Tehran: SAMT Publication [in Persian].

Mojtahedzadeh, P. (2002). Political geography & geopolitics. Tehran: SAMT Publication. [in Persian].

Ó Tuathail, G., & others., (2001). The geopolitics thoughts twentieth century. Translation by Mohammad Reza Hafeznia & Hashem Nasiri. Tehran: Institute for Political and International Studies Publications. [In Persian]

Soffer, A. (1994). Forms of coexistence and transborder cooperation in a hostile area. Political Boundaries and Coexistence, Peter Lang, Berne, pp. 182-191.

Yousofi, R. (2014). The evaluation of the effects of the placement of an ethnic minority on both sides of the border on border control. (Case study: Baloch ethnic group along the borders of Iran and Pakistan). M A thesis. Mashhad: Ferdowsi University of Mashhad. ]In Persian[.

Zarghani, S. H. (2007). Geopolitical factors affecting the role and function of the border, with an emphasis on Iran's borders. Geopolitics Quarterly, [In Persian]. Vol3. No2. ]In Persian[.