نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسنده
دانش‌آموختۀ دکترای روابط بین‌الملل، دانشکدۀ حقوق و علوم سیاسی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران
چکیده
رفتار سیاست خارجی چین پس از به‌قدرت رسیدن نخبگان دورۀ پسامائو، به‌لحاظ جهت‌گیری‌های منطقه‌ای و جهانی تغییرات چشمگیری داشته است. ایدئولوژی مائو کنار گذاشته شد و توسعۀ اقتصادی و تعامل با نظام سرمایه‌داری برای دریافت سهم از کیک اقتصاد جهانی، در دستورکار رهبران حزب کمونیست قرار گرفت. دراین‌بین، سازمان‌ها و نهادهای چندجانبه، به‌عنوان ابزاری برای نفوذ در ساختار قدرت در سطح منطقه‌ای و جهانی به‌کار رفته‌اند. یکی از دلایل انتقال پارادایم سیاست خارجی چین از مائوئیسم به توسعه‌گرایی بازارمحور، تغییر در هویت سیاست خارجی و ادراک راهبردی نخبگان چینی بوده است. پرسش اصلی پژوهش حاضر این است که «چه عاملی سبب تغییر موضع چین از سیاست خارجی مقابله‌جویانۀ ایدئولوژیک به سیاست خارجی مشارکت‌جویانۀ توسعه‌گرا شد؟» و «جایگاه سازمان‌ها و نهادهای چندجانبه‌گرا در این فرایند چگونه متحول شد؟» فرضیۀ پژوهش حاضر این است که «تحول در ادراک راهبردی نخبگان سیاست خارجی پسامائو سبب شده است که سازمان‌ها و نهادهای چندجانبه در قالب ایفای نقش دولت توسعه‌گرای مشارکت‌جو، در کانون سیاست خارجی چین برای ارتقای موقعیت اقتصادی قرار گیرند و سیاست خارجی چین در ابتدا به‌سوی مشارکت نهادی و در مراحل بعد، به‌سوی موازنه‌سازی نهادی پیش برود.
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Foreign Policy Quarterly of the 29th year. No. 4. (in persian)
Nicolas, F. (2016). China and the Global Economic Order. A Discreet Yet Undeniable
Contestation. China Perspectives, 2016(2016/2), 7-14.
Qin, Yaqing. (2016). A Relational Theory of World Politics. International Studies Review.
18 (1).
Radgoodarzi, Masoumeh and Safari, Asgar (2019). China's Regional Institutionalization
and the Future of the Liberal International Order: A Case Study of Central Asia.
Quarterly Journal of Strategic Policy Research, Year 8, Issue 30. (in persian)
Ruipeng, Mao (2020). China’s Growing Engagement with the UNDS as an Emerging
Nation: Changing Rationales, Funding Preferences and Future Trends. Discussion
Paper / Deutsches Institut für Entwicklungspolitik.
Salehi, Mokhtar. (2019). China's New Silk Road Initiative and the EU Strategy. Strategic Policy Research, Year 8, Issue 30. (in persian)
Sazmand, Bahareh and Ramezani, Ali. (2020). China's Regime-Building in East Asia.
Quarterly Journal of Politics, 50(1). (in persian)
Shariatinia, Mohsen. (2020). Iran-China Relations; Transition from Romantic Triangle to
Sustainable Bonding. Political and International Approaches, 11(3). (in persian)
Staff, Nikkei. (2018). Five Things to Know about Asian Trade Megadeal RCEP. Nikeel
Asian Review. available at: https://asia.nikkei.com/Economy/Fivethings-to-know-
about-Asian-trademegadeal-RCEP.
Summers, Tim. (2016). China’s ‘New Silk Roads’: Sub-National Regions and Networks of
Global Political Economy. Third World Quarterly, 37(9). 1-16.
Wagener, Norbert. (2020). The New Silk Road: Opportunities for Global Supply Chains
and Challenges for Further Development. LogForum, 16 (2). Available at:
http://www.logforum.net.
Wan, Ming (2010). The Great Recession and China’s Policy-toward Asian Regionalism.
Asian Survey, 50(3).
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Strategies the Case of China. RAND Corporation.
World Economic Outlook (2017). International Monetary Fund (IMF), April issue, Uneven
Growth, Short- and Long-Term Factors, PDF.
Yamaguchi, Shinji. (2017). The Continuity and Changes in China’s Perception of the
International Order. NIDS Journal of Defense and Security, Vol. 17.
Zheng, Yongnian (2007). Harmonious Society’ and ‘Harmonious World’: China’s Policy
Discourse Under Hu Jintao. China Policy Institute.
)
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