نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 دانش‌آموختۀ دکترای روابط بین‌الملل، دانشکدۀ علوم انسانی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران
2 دانش‌آموختۀ دکترای روابط بین‌الملل، دانشکدۀ علوم انسانی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران((نویسندۀ مسئول)
چکیده
در طول چند دهۀ اخیر، چین برای تکمیل قدرت همه‌جانبۀ خود، بر منابع پرشمار قدرت، به‌ویژه منابع جدید آن متمرکز شده است؛ ازاین‌رو، نهادهای بین‌المللی برای این کشور در سطح منطقه‌ای و بین‌المللی اهمیت فزاینده‌ای پیدا کرده‌اند. پرسشی که در این پژوهش در پی پاسخ‌گویی به آن هستیم، این است که «چرا چین، مشارکت خود را در نهادهای بین‌المللی افزایش داده و درصدد خلق نهادهای جدید، به‌ویژه نهادهای اقتصادی و مالی است؟» در پاسخ به این پرسش، فرضیۀ پژوهش حاضر، مبتنی‌بر این گزاره است که «چینی‌ها برای تغییر و تقویت جایگاه بین‌المللی خود ازیک‌سو و تغییر در ترتیبات امنیتی و اقتصادی جهانی ازسوی‌دیگر، با رویکردی غیرتهاجمی و مسالمت‌آمیز اقدام به مشارکت در نهادهای بین‌المللی و در برخی موارد، اقدام به خلق نهادهای منطقه‌ای و بین‌المللی (مانند سازمان همکاری شانگهای، بریکس، و بانک سرمایه‌گذاری زیرساخت آسیایی) کرده‌اند». این رویکرد که برآمده از غلبۀ رویکرد عمل‌گرایانه در سیاست خارجی چین است، سه مرحلۀ امتناع، مشارکت، و نهادسازی در عرصۀ بین‌المللی را دربر می‌گیرد. روش به‌کاررفته در این پژوهش، توصیفی‌ـ‌تحلیلی است که با استفاده از منابع کتابخانه‌ای و اینترنتی انجام شده است.
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