hossein Asghari Sani; mohsen khalili; mohsen eslami; Masoud Mousavi Shafaee
Abstract
The promotion of peace as a national identity is the most prominent feature of Norway's post-Cold War foreign policy. The reputation of the Norwegian peace model in the international system, despite its geopolitical constraints, is the topic of this paper. The authors use the nation-building theoretical ...
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The promotion of peace as a national identity is the most prominent feature of Norway's post-Cold War foreign policy. The reputation of the Norwegian peace model in the international system, despite its geopolitical constraints, is the topic of this paper. The authors use the nation-building theoretical framework to show how peace diplomacy has become the branding of Norwegian foreign policy despite significant and influential actors. Qualitative data analysis was based on historical and causal explanations. The text suggests that the Norwegian global branding results from focusing resources on the cultural-historical benefits of peacebuilding/ Peacekeeping.
Ali Davtalab; Seyed Mohammad Ali Taghavi; Mohsen Khalili; Vahid Sinaei
Abstract
This study examines the internal causes of the Syrian crisis from the perspective of the development of ethnic and religious relationships in the country. the research question is: how the Syrian government's ethnic-religious policies have affected the ethnic-religious relations in this country, leading ...
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This study examines the internal causes of the Syrian crisis from the perspective of the development of ethnic and religious relationships in the country. the research question is: how the Syrian government's ethnic-religious policies have affected the ethnic-religious relations in this country, leading to the current crisis. This research covers the period beginning from the collapse of the Ottoman Empire until 2018. The research method is historical and its theoretical framework is the "Ethnic Policy Patterns" presented by Martin Marger. According to this framework, the Syrian government's ethnic-religious policy during the French mandate was “unequal pluralism” aimed at further accentuating the differences between the ethnic-religious minorities and the Syrian Sunni Arabs majority in order hinder Syrian independence championed by Sunni Arabs nationalists. Ethnic-religious policies of the governments during the period of independence were also based on cultural and structural “assimilation” in favor of the Sunni Arab majority. the kurds became subject to expulsion and extermination both physically and culturally. The “unequal pluralism” policy of the French guardian government and the “assimilation” policy of the independent era, despite their different goals, have moved in the same direction, and had the same results. The profound cultural and structural effects of these policies have created a continual sense of suspicion, distrust, and feeling of danger among ethnic-religious groups. This has led to the continuation and intensification of ethnic-religious disputes and conflicts in the country that ultimately brought about the current crisis and the ongoing full-scale war.
alireza sahraee; mohsen khalili; Mortaza Menshadi; Rohollah Islami
Abstract
Abstract
This paper studies the writings of Mohammad Ali Foroughi, an influential Pahlavi era politician to construct a continuum of power according to the analytical model of Christopher Hill. This research aims to find out what aspects of the contimuim of power Foroughi was more interested in. We ...
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Abstract
This paper studies the writings of Mohammad Ali Foroughi, an influential Pahlavi era politician to construct a continuum of power according to the analytical model of Christopher Hill. This research aims to find out what aspects of the contimuim of power Foroughi was more interested in. We hypothesize that he preferred soft power over hard power because he knew Iran did not possess the essentials of hard power. This research follows the descriptive-analytical methodology to analyze relevant written sources.
Fatemeh Daneshwar; Samaneh Shafee’-Zadeh; Mohsen khalili
Abstract
After the establishment of the OPEC, oil-rich countries of the third world, which were in struggle with big petroleum companies since the 1950s, tried to use oil as a means for achieving their economic and political goals. As an example, the OPEC raised the price of petroleum in 1973 and 1974 to unprecedent ...
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After the establishment of the OPEC, oil-rich countries of the third world, which were in struggle with big petroleum companies since the 1950s, tried to use oil as a means for achieving their economic and political goals. As an example, the OPEC raised the price of petroleum in 1973 and 1974 to unprecedent levels. Concurrent with these conditions, Richard Nixon, then the President of the United States of Americapursued a new policy regarding the Persian Gulf, based on the trend of US foreign policy making, public opinion and inernational conditions. Under the new policy, known as the Nixon Doctrine, the responsibility of maintaining security in the region was entrused to regional states. In such circumstances, trying to perform the role of the regional gendarme, Iran purchased American arms in a large scale. The purpose of this article is the explanation of the impacts of the Nixon Doctrine on the Iran’s oil policy in the 1970s, applying James Rosenau’s linkage model.
Mohsen Khalili
Abstract
Conduct and orientation of states in their foreign policy are affected by geopolitical constant and variable factors. The authors of the present paper try to study the impact of variable factors on determining the Islamic Republic of Iran’s foreign policy in the 1979-2005 period, on the basis of Holsti’s ...
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Conduct and orientation of states in their foreign policy are affected by geopolitical constant and variable factors. The authors of the present paper try to study the impact of variable factors on determining the Islamic Republic of Iran’s foreign policy in the 1979-2005 period, on the basis of Holsti’s trilogy on foreign policy (orientations, national roles and goals). Exploiting the concept of national power derived from geopolitics, they also attempt to explain why different discourses have been dominant in Iran’s foreign policy in various periods. It seems that determining variable factors justify changes in the foreign policy of post-revolutionary Iran.
