farhad ghasemi
Abstract
Defense diplomacy has bourn with military power, which must use it in diplomacy in times of war and peace. Due to the international system's turn into a complex and chaotic pattern, power as the central dynamic of defense diplomacy has changed to a networked model. Structural, process, construction, ...
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Defense diplomacy has bourn with military power, which must use it in diplomacy in times of war and peace. Due to the international system's turn into a complex and chaotic pattern, power as the central dynamic of defense diplomacy has changed to a networked model. Structural, process, construction, and algorithmic complexity are the main defining features of it. With the emergence of nonlinear international systems and related theoretical debates, the International Relations literature has severe backwardness in explaining defense diplomacy's analytical apparatus. Therefore this fundamental question has been raised as the present study's direct engagement: how the defense diplomacy analytical apparatus conceptually will be reconstructed based on the Principles and foundations of complex and chaotic systems theory. In response to this question, and using the abduction method, which emphasizes the emerging facts and finding the best explanation for them, this article presents multi-layered network defense diplomacy as an innovative concept in the international relations literature. This concept envisions it as a multi-layered network with a core consisting of unit-based control systems. Other control systems that will deploy on these are support systems. All these form a single control system with a functional linkage between its layers, which operates in a hybrid model.
Ali Bagheri Dolatabadi; Ebrahim Aghamohammadi
Abstract
Indonesia is one of the Muslim countries in Southeast Asia, making significant economic and political progress in recent decades. Today, this progress in the political arena is seen as the activities of various groups in the form of political parties and factions in this country's decision-making process. ...
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Indonesia is one of the Muslim countries in Southeast Asia, making significant economic and political progress in recent decades. Today, this progress in the political arena is seen as the activities of various groups in the form of political parties and factions in this country's decision-making process. The main question here is, "Why have Indonesian Shiites failed to change their socio-political position and failed to find a suitable political role and position in the country?" To answer the question, based on the combination of the two theories of political mobilization and the structure of political opportunity, it can be stated that "The five components of a dispersed population, along with the weak economic strength of the Shiite people, fragmented and non-political leaders, the prevailing ideology and obstruction of the political system, the dysfunctional organization and the lack of access to influential allies and the political non-use of media opportunities had played an essential role in this situation. The findings also show that Indonesia's Shiite population does not have the necessary geographical cohesion, organizations with a synergistic and mobilizing approach, dynamic and practical ideology, and leaders with socio-political concerns. Therefore, the Shiites of this country have been deprived of the process of participation in power. In this paper, the descriptive-analytical method and library method have been used to collect and analyze data.
Ali Bagheri Dolatabadi; jafar Hanani
Abstract
Abstract
Ferdowsi's Shahnameh is a Persian literature masterpiece. While this book has generally been studied from literary and historical perspectives, little attention has been paid to its political aspects. The main question of the present research is that what International Relations theoretical ...
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Abstract
Ferdowsi's Shahnameh is a Persian literature masterpiece. While this book has generally been studied from literary and historical perspectives, little attention has been paid to its political aspects. The main question of the present research is that what International Relations theoretical approaches Ferdowsi’s vision is closer to? Can Ferdowsi be considered a political realist or an idealist? For this purpose, we attempt to assess Ferdowsi's thoughts taking advantage of the most important features of the two Realist and Idealist theories through a comparative method. The findings of the research show that while Ferdowsi is close to constructivist theory in terms of meta-theory, in his theoretical debates he must be considered a realist. This point is especially apparent in Ferdowsi's interpretations of human nature, war, power and security. It is worth Noting that his realism is not similar to Hobbes and Waltz, and is somewhat like "Idealist Realism".
Mohammad Hossein Jamshidi; Afshin Shamiri
Abstract
Related to the conceptual transformations of power and culture and the impact of these two phenomena, extensive studies have been done in international relations. But less research has been done on the interaction of these two concept in the field of international relations. While today, the importance ...
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Related to the conceptual transformations of power and culture and the impact of these two phenomena, extensive studies have been done in international relations. But less research has been done on the interaction of these two concept in the field of international relations. While today, the importance of this connection has become more prominent, especially with the rising of the smart power theory. Therefore, the present research seeks to explain the relation between culture and power in three critical, post structuralism and constructivism approaches, with the help of the conceptual framework of power and comparative method. Each approach of the Critical, Post-Structuralism and Structuralism respectively consider instrumental, discursive, and evolved role for culture toward power. In this regard, the question posed in this research is that how three critical approaches, post-structuralism and constructivism explain the relationship between culture and power in the field of international relations? The results shows that by comparing the viewpoint of the three approaches about relationship between power and culture in international relations, we find that these two phenomena are mutually reinforcing each other in a fluid and dynamic environment compound from cultural concepts such as ideology, meaning, identity, and norms, and in this mutual and interminable relation, the interaction of power and culture in the forms of security, order, and stability emerges.
mehdi firozabadian; Mahmoud Jalali Kerveh; Leila Raisi
Abstract
Usually the relationship between international law and international politics is considered reciprocal relationship that one includes fairness and equality and another one containing the power and it is often assumed that international law reduced by power, because there is no world government to control ...
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Usually the relationship between international law and international politics is considered reciprocal relationship that one includes fairness and equality and another one containing the power and it is often assumed that international law reduced by power, because there is no world government to control power and anarchy reduce the administrative options and restricts the effect of international law. Instead, this paper assumes that the hegemon is the creator, protector and fixing the rules of international law. Powerful states and especially hegemonic governments to reduce the costs associated with the consolidation of international peace and security, have forced to institutionalization and application of legal rules, As international law needs power to impose its rules. This paper aims to examine the role of hegemon on development of international law by historical perspective and descriptive- analytic method.
