Maliheh Kabiri; mohsen janparvar; Seyed Hadi Zarghani
Abstract
Abstract
Borders are important because they separate territories and determine sovereign states. However, all borders are not equally important. This study aims to identify key factors through which the importance of borders may be measured in order to contribute to scholarly endeavor on border management ...
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Abstract
Borders are important because they separate territories and determine sovereign states. However, all borders are not equally important. This study aims to identify key factors through which the importance of borders may be measured in order to contribute to scholarly endeavor on border management and border area planning. The increasing importance of border maintenance and control as well as spatial planning in border areas necessitate a comprehensive measurement of their importance. No current research has comprehensively investigated key factors in border importance measurement. Based on the existing relevant theories 40 indicators may be used to measure border importance. We classify them into 8 categories containing 5 indices. The 8 categories are entitled geographical, demographical, economic, cultural, security - defense, the identity - rights, political and regional and global categories. To confirm the dimensions and indicators, questionnaires were designed and were distributed among experts in the field. The results that are based on statistical analysis of the questionnaires, Showed that only three index of the 40 extracted Index, were rejected and the remaining indices were confirmed– rights dimension.
seyed hadi zarghani; ebrahim Ahmadi
Abstract
According to historical documents, mutual relations between Iran and India have a long historical background. However, in the modern era and in the form of modern governments, relations between these two countries started in 1947. Despite the existence of intervening variables before and after the Islamic ...
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According to historical documents, mutual relations between Iran and India have a long historical background. However, in the modern era and in the form of modern governments, relations between these two countries started in 1947. Despite the existence of intervening variables before and after the Islamic Revolution in Iran, Iran and India have never undergone serious tensions and always tried to settle any tension or ambiguity in their relations. Nowadays, thanks to interdependencies and issues of common concern, Iran and India have acceptable and progressive relations with each other. Hence, the present research aims to find the main factors underlying geopolitical interdependencies between Iran and India. The present research was a descriptive-analytic study and the required information was collected through library studies and reviewing valid books, reports, and articles. The findings showed that variables such as common security concerns, common interests in the field of energy, Iran’s good geographical position for India to get access to Afghanistan and Central Asia, the role of Chabahar port in the North-South corridor, and interests and participation (strategic, economic, and developmental) of these two countries in Afghanistan play an important and vital role in the type and level of relations between Iran and India.
Seyyed Hadi Zarghani; Ali Akbar Dabiri
Abstract
In 2008, the Organisation of Gas Exporting Countries (OGEC) was formally established with 11 members in Doha, Qatar. While having economic and business nature, the organisation is seen as the Gas OPEC, having the potential for changing the geo-strategic and geopolitical structure of the World. Therefore, ...
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In 2008, the Organisation of Gas Exporting Countries (OGEC) was formally established with 11 members in Doha, Qatar. While having economic and business nature, the organisation is seen as the Gas OPEC, having the potential for changing the geo-strategic and geopolitical structure of the World. Therefore, it is regarded as a threat by Europe and the US to the security of their energy supply. Islamic countries, namely, the Islamic Republic of Iran, Indonesia, Qatar, Brunei, Algeria, Libya, Egypt, Nigeria, and Kazakhstan constitute 9 of its 11 members. The increasing importance of gas as a clean energy source, economic dependence of the West especially Europe on importing gas, compliance of the Western defense and military industry with variations in the gas market, changes in the geopolitical and geo-economic map of the world and the weakening of the role of the US and West in the global economy have increased the influence of OGEC members, especially Iran and Russia vis-à-vis the West and the US. This has also provided a background for the convergence of Islamic members of the OGEC, and the formation a regional economic-political alliance among Islamic countries resulting in the increased geopolitical weight of the Muslim world against the West and the United States. In the present paper, besides studying the capacity of Muslim countries in the OGEC, the possibility of enhancing the status of the Islamic world in the geopolitical system of the world, through the organization, has been analysed.
